Optimalisasi GAP Budidaya Kopi Arabika Berbasis Konservasi Tanah dan Air untuk Mendukung Keberlanjutan Perkebunan di Kabupaten Kuningan

Faozi Muhamad

doi:10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i4.32767

Authors

Faozi Muhamad Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i4.32767

Keywords:

Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), Kopi Arabika, Konservasi tanah dan air, Keberlanjutan perkebunan, Kabupaten Kuningan

Abstract

Budidaya kopi Arabika di Kabupaten Kuningan menghadapi tantangan degradasi lahan, erosi tanah, dan ketidakstabilan produktivitas akibat penerapan Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) yang belum optimal, khususnya pada aspek konservasi tanah dan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengoptimalkan penerapan GAP berbasis konservasi tanah dan air terhadap produktivitas, mutu, dan keberlanjutan perkebunan kopi Arabika. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei pada perkebunan kopi rakyat di wilayah dataran tinggi Kabupaten Kuningan. Variabel independen meliputi pengelolaan tanah, konservasi air, sistem naungan, pemupukan berimbang, dan pengendalian organisme pengganggu tanaman terpadu, sedangkan variabel dependen meliputi produktivitas, efisiensi usahatani, dan indeks keberlanjutan. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan kausal antarvariabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan GAP berbasis konservasi tanah dan air berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap peningkatan produktivitas dan keberlanjutan usahatani kopi Arabika, dengan pengelolaan lahan konservatif dan sistem naungan sebagai faktor dominan. Model optimasi GAP yang dihasilkan mampu meningkatkan efisiensi produksi sekaligus menekan risiko degradasi lingkungan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi konservasi tanah dan air dalam GAP sebagai dasar perumusan kebijakan pengembangan perkebunan kopi Arabika berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Kuningan.

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