Analisis Pengaruh Bahan Aditif Semen terhadap Mikrostruktur Tanah Lempung untuk Konstruksi Jalan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i5.32822Keywords:
clay soil stabilization, portland cement, unconfined compressive strength (ucs), microstructure, scanning electron microscope (sem)Abstract
Tanah lempung merupakan jenis tanah yang umum ditemukan di Indonesia dan sering menjadi kendala dalam konstruksi perkerasan jalan akibat sifatnya yang ekspansif, berdaya dukung rendah, dan plastisitas tinggi. Stabilisasi tanah menggunakan semen merupakan salah satu metode kimia yang efektif untuk memperbaiki sifat fisik dan mekanik tanah lempung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi kadar semen (0%, 4%, 6%, 8%, dan 10%) terhadap sifat fisik, kuat tekan bebas (UCS), dan mikrostruktur tanah lempung asal Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow, Sulawesi Utara. Metode penelitian bersifat eksperimen laboratorium kuantitatif, meliputi pengujian pemadatan standar (Modified Proctor), pengujian UCS berdasarkan ASTM D-2166 pada umur pemeraman 7 dan 14 hari, serta analisis mikrostruktur menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan semen menurunkan nilai kadar air optimum (OMC) dari 39,48% menjadi 35,76%, sekaligus meningkatkan kepadatan kering maksimum (MDD) dari 1,275 gr/cm³ menjadi 1,298 gr/cm³. Nilai UCS meningkat secara signifikan, dari 10,421 kPa pada tanah asli menjadi 167,073 kPa pada campuran semen 10% dengan pemeraman 14 hari. Analisis SEM mengonfirmasi terjadinya perubahan mikrostruktur berupa berkurangnya ukuran dan jumlah pori, terbentuknya produk hidrasi Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H), serta meningkatnya kepadatan struktur partikel tanah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa stabilisasi tanah lempung dengan semen secara efektif meningkatkan sifat mekanik dan kualitas tanah dasar jalan, di mana kadar semen 8% memberikan kuat tekan tertinggi pada pemeraman 7 hari, sedangkan 10% memberikan hasil optimal pada pemeraman 14 hari.
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