Determinan Kondisi Perumahan Terhadap Keluhan Kesehatan Rumah Tangga di Jawa Timur: Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional 2024

Yasti Nurislami; Mahmudah Mahmudah; Nabila Nur Rosyada

doi:10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i3.32678

Authors

Yasti Nurislami Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Mahmudah Mahmudah Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Nabila Nur Rosyada Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i3.32678

Keywords:

Kondisi perumahan, air minum dan sanitasi, keluhan kesehatan, determinan sosial kesehatan, Jawa Timur

Abstract

Kondisi perumahan merupakan determinan penting kesehatan rumah tangga karena menentukan tingkat paparan terhadap risiko lingkungan.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara kondisi perumahan, meliputi sumber air minum, sumber air untuk sanitasi, serta kondisi fisik lantai dan dinding rumah, dengan keluhan kesehatan rumah tangga di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penelitian menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional berbasis data sekunder Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) tahun 2024. Sampel terdiri dari 10.895 rumah tangga yang dianalisis secara deskriptif dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dengan tingkat signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 35,03% rumah tangga melaporkan adanya keluhan kesehatan. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara sumber air minum (p=0,0009), sumber air sanitasi (p=0,0059), kondisi lantai (p=0,0004), dan kondisi dinding rumah (p=0,032) dengan keluhan kesehatan rumah tangga. Rumah tangga yang bergantung pada sumber air tidak terlindungi serta memiliki lantai dan dinding yang tidak layak cenderung mengalami keluhan kesehatan lebih tinggi dibandingkan rumah tangga dengan kondisi hunian yang memadai. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas hunian, baik dari aspek lingkungan eksternal maupun struktur fisik internal rumah, berperan penting dalam membentuk risiko kesehatan. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa upaya peningkatan kesehatan rumah tangga perlu diarahkan pada perbaikan kualitas hunian dan pemerataan akses terhadap layanan dasar, khususnya air minum dan sanitasi, sebagai bagian integral dari kebijakan kesehatan masyarakat dan perumahan di tingkat regional.

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