Analisis Tekno-Ekonomi PLTS on-Grid dan Battery Energy  Storage System untuk SPKLU di Rest Area Jalan Tol KM 57  dan KM 164b

Asep Akbar Azhari; I Made  Indradjaja Marcus Brunner

doi:10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i8.32968

Authors

Asep Akbar Azhari Institut Teknologi PLN
I Made Indradjaja Marcus Brunner Institut Teknologi PLN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsostech.v6i8.32968

Keywords:

PLTS On-Grid, BESS, SPKLU, Zero Export, Kendaraan Listrik

Abstract

Pertumbuhan kendaraan listrik meningkatkan kebutuhan Stasiun Pengisian Kendaraan Listrik Umum (SPKLU) yang andal, terutama pada rest area jalan tol. Penelitian ini menganalisis pemanfaatan PLTS on-grid dan Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) untuk mendukung operasional SPKLU di Rest Area KM 57 Jalan Tol Jakarta–Cikampek dan KM 164B Jalan Tol Cikopo–Palimanan. Metode kuantitatif-deskriptif mengintegrasikan analisis spasial ArcGIS Pro, data potensi energi surya Global Solar Atlas, kebutuhan energi SPKLU, penentuan kapasitas PLTS dan BESS, skema zero export, serta analisis ekonomi. Luasan potensial mencapai 3.437,001 m² di KM57 dan 4.394,434 m² di KM164B. Kebutuhan energi tahunan masing-masing 84.279 dan 37.979 kWh, sedangkan specific PV output sebesar 1.447,2 dan 1.481,7 kWh/kWp/tahun. Kapasitas PLTS yang direkomendasikan adalah 58,30 kWp (106 modul 550 Wp) dan 25,85 kWp (47 modul), menghasilkan 84.371,76 dan 38.301,95 kWh/tahun. BESS yang direkomendasikan sebesar 500 kW/700 kWh dan 60 kW/100 kWh untuk fungsi backup dan peak shaving. Dengan umur proyek 25 tahun dan discount rate 10%, skenario PLTS tanpa BESS menghasilkan NPV Rp46.113.530 dan IRR 10,95% di KM57 serta NPV Rp25.843.379 dan IRR 11,20% di KM164B. LCOE masing-masing Rp1.355,35/kWh dan Rp1.333,58/kWh, lebih rendah dari tarif PLN Rp1.444,70/kWh. Skenario PLTS+BESS belum layak secara finansial akibat dominasi biaya baterai. Hasil menunjukkan PLTS berbasis kebutuhan beban layak secara marginal, sedangkan BESS lebih tepat diposisikan sebagai investasi keandalan, backup, dan peak shaving.

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